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工作表(Worksheet)相关的属性和基本操作应用示例

发布时间:2017-04-07 09:56

  在编写代码时,经常要引用工作表的名字、知道工作表在工作簿中的位置、增加工作表、删除工作表、复制工作表、移动工作表、重命名工作表,等等。下面介绍与此有关及相关的一些属性和方法示例。

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-01]增加工作表(Add方法)

  Sub AddWorksheet()

  MsgBox "在当前工作簿中添加一个工作表"

  Worksheets.Add

  MsgBox "在当前工作簿中的工作表sheet2之前添加一个工作表"

  Worksheets.Add before:=Worksheets("sheet2")

  MsgBox "在当前工作簿中的工作表sheet2之后添加一个工作表"

  Worksheets.Add after:=Worksheets("sheet2")

  MsgBox "在当前工作簿中添加3个工作表"

  Worksheets.Add Count:=3

  End Sub

  示例说明:Add方法带有4个可选的参数,其中参数Before和参数After指定所增加的工作表的位置,但两个参数只能选一;参数Count用来指定增加的工作表数目。

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-02]复制工作表(Copy方法)

  Sub CopyWorksheet()

  MsgBox "在当前工作簿中复制工作表sheet1并将所复制的工作表放在工作表sheet2之前"

  Worksheets("sheet1").Copy Before:=Worksheets("sheet2")

  MsgBox "在当前工作簿中复制工作表sheet2并将所复制的工作表放在工作表sheet3之后"

  Worksheets("sheet2").Copy After:=Worksheets("sheet3")

  End Sub

  示例说明:Copy方法带有2个可选的参数,即参数Before和参数After,在使用时两个参数只参选一。

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-03]移动工作表(Move方法)

  Sub MoveWorksheet()

  MsgBox "在当前工作簿中将工作表sheet3移至工作表sheet2之前"

  Worksheets("sheet3").Move Before:=Worksheets("sheet2")

  MsgBox "在当前工作簿中将工作表sheet1移至最后"

  Worksheets("sheet1").Move After:=Worksheets(Worksheets.Count)

  End Sub

  示例说明:Move方法与Copy方法的参数相同,作用也一样。

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-04]隐藏和显示工作表(Visible属性)

  [示例04-04-01]

  Sub testHide()

  MsgBox "第一次隐藏工作表sheet1"

  Worksheets("sheet1").Visible = False

  MsgBox "显示工作表sheet1"

  Worksheets("sheet1").Visible = True

  MsgBox "第二次隐藏工作表sheet1"

  Worksheets("sheet1").Visible = xlSheetHidden

  MsgBox "显示工作表sheet1"

  Worksheets("sheet1").Visible = True

  MsgBox "第三次隐藏工作表sheet1"

  Worksheets("sheet1").Visible = xlSheetHidden

  MsgBox "显示工作表sheet1"

  Worksheets("sheet1").Visible = xlSheetVisible

  MsgBox "第四隐藏工作表sheet1"

  Worksheets("sheet1").Visible = xlSheetVeryHidden

  MsgBox "显示工作表sheet1"

  Worksheets("sheet1").Visible = True

  MsgBox "第五隐藏工作表sheet1"

  Worksheets("sheet1").Visible = xlSheetVeryHidden

  MsgBox "显示工作表sheet1"

  Worksheets("sheet1").Visible = xlSheetVisible

  End Sub

  示例说明:本示例演示了隐藏和显示工作表的各种情形。其中,使用xlSheetVeryHidden常量来隐藏工作表,将不能通过选择工作表菜单栏中的“格式”——“工作表”——“取消隐藏”命令来取消隐藏。

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  [示例04-04-02]

  Sub ShowAllSheets()

  MsgBox "使当前工作簿中的所有工作表都显示(即将隐藏的工作表也显示)"

  Dim ws As Worksheet

  For Each ws In Sheets

  ws.Visible = True

  Next ws

  End Sub

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-05]获取工作表数(Count属性)

  [示例04-05-01]

  Sub WorksheetNum()

  Dim i As Long

  i = Worksheets.Count

  MsgBox "当前工作簿的工作表数为:" & Chr(10) & i

  End Sub

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-05-02]

  Sub WorksheetNum()

  Dim i As Long

  i = Sheets.Count

  MsgBox "当前工作簿的工作表数为:" & Chr(10) & i

  End Sub

  示例说明:在一个包含图表工作表的工作簿中运行上述两段代码,将会得出不同的结果,原因是对于Sheets集合来讲,工作表包含图表工作表。应注意Worksheets集合与Sheets集合的区别,下同。

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  [示例04-06]获取或设置工作表名称(Name属性)

  [示例04-06-01]

  Sub NameWorksheet()

  Dim sName As String, sChangeName As String

  sName = Worksheets(2).Name

  MsgBox "当前工作簿中第2个工作表的名字为:" & sName

  sChangeName = "我的工作表"

  MsgBox "将当前工作簿中的第3个工作表名改为:" & sChangeName

  Worksheets(3).Name = sChangeName

  End Sub

  示例说明:使用Name属性可以获取指定工作表的名称,也可以设置工作表的名称。

  Sub ReNameSheet()

  Dim xStr As String

  Retry:

  Err.Clear

  xStr = InputBox("请输入工作表的新名称:" _

  , "重命名工作表", ActiveSheet.Name)

  If xStr = "" Then Exit Sub

  On Error Resume Next

  ActiveSheet.Name = xStr

  If Err.Number <> 0 Then

  MsgBox Err.Number & " " & Err.Description

  Err.Clear

  GoTo Retry

  End If

  On Error GoTo 0

  '.........

  End Sub

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [NextPage][示例04-07]激活/选择工作表(Activate方法和Select方法)

  [示例04-07-01]

  Sub SelectWorksheet()

  MsgBox "激活当前工作簿中的工作表sheet2"

  Worksheets("sheet2").Activate

  MsgBox "激活当前工作簿中的工作表sheet3"

  Worksheets("sheet3").Select

  MsgBox "同时选择工作簿中的工作表sheet2和sheet3"

  Worksheets(Array("sheet2", "sheet3")).Select

  End Sub

  示例说明:Activate方法只能激活一个工作表,而Select方法可以同时选择多个工作表。

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-07-02]

  Sub SelectManySheet()

  MsgBox "选取第一个和第三个工作表."

  Worksheets(1).Select

  Worksheets(3).Select False

  End Sub

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-08]获取当前工作表的索引号(Index属性)

  Sub GetSheetIndex()

  Dim i As Long

  i = ActiveSheet.Index

  MsgBox "您正使用的工作表索引号为" & i

  End Sub

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-09]选取前一个工作表(Previous属性)

  Sub PreviousSheet()

  If ActiveSheet.Index <> 1 Then

  MsgBox "选取当前工作簿中当前工作表的前一个工作表"

  ActiveSheet.Previous.Activate

  Else

  MsgBox "已到第一个工作表"

  End If

  End Sub

  示例说明:如果当前工作表是第一个工作表,则使用Previous属性会出错。

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-10]选取下一个工作表(Next属性)

  Sub NextSheet()

  If ActiveSheet.Index <> Worksheets.Count Then

  MsgBox "选取当前工作簿中当前工作表的下一个工作表"

  ActiveSheet.Next.Activate

  Else

  MsgBox “已到最后一个工作表”

  End If

  End Sub

  示例说明:如果当前工作表是最后一个工作表,则使用Next属性会出错。

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-11]工作表行和列的操作

  [示例04-11-01]隐藏行

  Sub HideRow()

  Dim iRow As Long

  MsgBox "隐藏当前单元格所在的行"

  iRow = ActiveCell.Row

  ActiveSheet.Rows(iRow).Hidden = True

  MsgBox "取消隐藏"

  ActiveSheet.Rows(iRow).Hidden = False

  End Sub

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-11-02]隐藏列

  Sub HideColumn()

  Dim iColumn As Long

  MsgBox "隐藏当前单元格所在列"

  iColumn = ActiveCell.Column

  ActiveSheet.Columns(iColumn).Hidden = True

  MsgBox "取消隐藏"

  ActiveSheet.Columns(iColumn).Hidden = False

  End Sub

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-11-03]插入行

  Sub InsertRow()

  Dim rRow As Long

  MsgBox "在当前单元格上方插入一行"

  rRow = Selection.Row

  ActiveSheet.Rows(rRow).Insert

  End Sub

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-11-04]插入列

  Sub InsertColumn()

  Dim cColumn As Long

  MsgBox "在当前单元格所在行的左边插入一行"

  cColumn = Selection.Column

  ActiveSheet.Columns(cColumn).Insert

  End Sub

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-11-05]插入多行

  Sub InsertManyRow()

  MsgBox "在当前单元格所在行上方插入三行"

  Dim rRow As Long, i As Long

  For i = 1 To 3

  rRow = Selection.Row

  ActiveSheet.Rows(rRow).Insert

  Next i

  End Sub

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-11-06]设置行高

  Sub SetRowHeight()

  MsgBox "将当前单元格所在的行高设置为25"

  Dim rRow As Long, iRow As Long

  rRow = ActiveCell.Row

  iRow = ActiveSheet.Rows(rRow).RowHeight

  ActiveSheet.Rows(rRow).RowHeight = 25

  MsgBox "恢复到原来的行高"

  ActiveSheet.Rows(rRow).RowHeight = iRow

  End Sub

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-11-07]设置列宽

  Sub SetColumnWidth()

  MsgBox "将当前单元格所在列的列宽设置为20"

  Dim cColumn As Long, iColumn As Long

  cColumn = ActiveCell.Column

  iColumn = ActiveSheet.Columns(cColumn).ColumnWidth

  ActiveSheet.Columns(cColumn).ColumnWidth = 20

  MsgBox "恢复至原来的列宽"

  ActiveSheet.Columns(cColumn).ColumnWidth = iColumn

  End Sub

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-11-08]恢复行高列宽至标准值

  Sub ReSetRowHeightAndColumnWidth()

  MsgBox "将当前单元格所在的行高和列宽恢复为标准值"

  Selection.UseStandardHeight = True

  Selection.UseStandardWidth = True

  End Sub

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-12]工作表标签

  [示例04-12-01] 设置工作表标签的颜色

  Sub SetSheetTabColor()

  MsgBox "设置当前工作表标签的颜色"

  ActiveSheet.Tab.ColorIndex = 7

  End Sub

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-12-01]恢复工作表标签颜色

  Sub SetSheetTabColorDefault()

  MsgBox "将当前工作表标签颜色设置为默认值"

  ActiveSheet.Tab.ColorIndex = -4142

  End Sub

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-12-03]交替隐藏或显示工作表标签

  Sub HideOrShowSheetTab()

  MsgBox "隐藏/显示工作表标签"

  ActiveWindow.DisplayWorkbookTabs = Not ActiveWindow.DisplayWorkbookTabs

  End Sub

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  [NextPage][示例04-13]确定打印的页数(HPageBreaks属性与VPageBreaks属性)

  Sub PageCount()

  Dim i As Long

  i = (ActiveSheet.HPageBreaks.Count + 1) * (ActiveSheet.VPageBreaks.Count + 1)

  MsgBox "当前工作表共" & i & "页."

  End Sub

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-14]保护/撤销保护工作表

  [示例04-14-01]

  Sub ProtectSheet()

  MsgBox "保护当前工作表并设定密码"

  ActiveSheet.Protect Password:="fanjy"

  End Sub

  示例说明:运行代码后,当前工作表中将不允许编辑,除非撤销工作表保护。

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-14-02]

  Sub UnprotectSheet()

  MsgBox "撤销当前工作表保护"

  ActiveSheet.Unprotect

  End Sub

  示例说明:运行代码后,如果原保护的工作表设置有密码,则要求输入密码。

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-14-03]保护当前工作簿中的所有工作表

  Sub ProtectAllWorkSheets()

  On Error Resume Next

  Dim ws As Worksheet

  Dim myPassword As String

  myPassword = InputBox("请输入您的密码" & vbCrLf & _

  "(不输入表明无密码)" & vbCrLf & vbCrLf & _

  "确保您没有忘记密码!", "输入密码")

  For Each ws In ThisWorkbook.Worksheets

  ws.Protect (myPassword)

  Next ws

  End Sub

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-14-04]撤销对当前工作簿中所有工作表的保护

  Sub UnprotectAllWorkSheets()

  On Error Resume Next

  Dim ws As Worksheet

  Dim myPassword As String

  myPassword = InputBox("请输入您的密码" & vbCrLf & _

  "(不输入表示无密码)", "输入密码")

  For Each ws In ThisWorkbook.Worksheets

  ws.Unprotect (myPassword)

  Next ws

  End Sub

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-14-05]仅能编辑未锁定的单元格

  Sub OnlyEditUnlockedCells()

  Sheets("Sheet1").EnableSelection = xlUnlockedCells

  ActiveSheet.Protect DrawingObjects:=True, Contents:=True, Scenarios:=True

  End Sub

  示例说明:运行本代码后,在当前工作表中将只能对未锁定的单元格进行编辑,而其它单元格将不能编辑。未锁定的单元格是指在选择菜单“格式——单元格”命令后所弹出的对话框中的“保护”选项卡中,未选中“锁定”复选框的单元格或单元格区域。

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-15]删除工作表(Delete方法)

  Sub DeleteWorksheet()

  MsgBox "删除当前工作簿中的工作表sheet2"

  Application.DisplayAlerts = False

  Worksheets("sheet2").Delete

  Application.DisplayAlerts = True

  End Sub

  示例说明:本示例代码使用Application.DisplayAlerts = False来屏蔽弹出的警告框。

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  <一些编程方法和技巧>

  [示例04-16] 判断一个工作表(名)是否存在

  [示例04-16-01]

  Sub testWorksheetExists1()

  Dim ws As Worksheet

  If Not WorksheetExists(ThisWorkbook, "sheet1") Then

  MsgBox "不能够找到该工作表", vbOKOnly

  Exit Sub

  End If

  MsgBox "已经找到工作表"

  Set ws = ThisWorkbook.Worksheets("sheet1")

  End Sub

  '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

  Function WorksheetExists(wb As Workbook, sName As String) As Boolean

  Dim s As String

  On Error GoTo ErrHandle

  s = wb.Worksheets(sName).Name

  WorksheetExists = True

  Exit Function

  ErrHandle:

  WorksheetExists = False

  End Function

  示例说明:在测试代码中,用相应的工作簿名和工作表名分别代替“ThisWorkbook”和“Sheet1”,来判断指定工作表是否在工作簿中存在。

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-16-02]

  Sub testWorksheetExists2()

  If Not SheetExists("<工作表名>") Then

  MsgBox "<工作表名> 不存在!"

  Else

  Sheets("<工作表名>").Activate

  End If

  End Sub

  '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

  Function SheetExists(SheetName As String) As Boolean

  SheetExists = False

  On Error GoTo NoSuchSheet

  If Len(Sheets(SheetName).Name) > 0 Then

  SheetExists = True

  Exit Function

  End If

  NoSuchSheet:

  End Function

  示例说明:在代码中,用实际工作表名代替<>。

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-16-03]

  Sub TestingFunction()

  '如果工作表存在则返回True,否则为False

  '测试DoesWksExist1函数

  Debug.Print DoesWksExist1("Sheet1")

  Debug.Print DoesWksExist1("Sheet100")

  Debug.Print "-----"

  '测试DoesWksExist2函数

  Debug.Print DoesWksExist2("Sheet1")

  Debug.Print DoesWksExist2("Sheet100")

  End Sub

  ‘- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

  Function DoesWksExist1(sWksName As String) As Boolean

  Dim i As Long

  For i = Worksheets.Count To 1 Step -1

  If Sheets(i).Name = sWksName Then

  Exit For

  End If

  Next

  If i = 0 Then

  DoesWksExist1 = False

  Else

  DoesWksExist1 = True

  End If

  End Function

  ‘- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

  Function DoesWksExist2(sWksName As String) As Boolean

  Dim wkb As Worksheet

  On Error Resume Next

  Set wkb = Sheets(sWksName)

  On Error GoTo 0

  DoesWksExist2 = IIf(Not wkb Is Nothing, True, False)

  End Function

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-17]排序工作表

  [示例04-17-01]

  Sub SortWorksheets1()

  Dim bSorted As Boolean

  Dim nSortedSheets As Long

  Dim nSheets As Long

  Dim n As Long

  nSheets = Worksheets.Count

  nSortedSheets = 0

  Do While (nSortedSheets < nSheets) And Not bSorted

  bSorted = True

  nSortedSheets = nSortedSheets + 1

  For n = 1 To nSheets - nSortedSheets

  If StrComp(Worksheets(n).Name, Worksheets(n + 1).Name, vbTextCompare) > 0 Then

  Worksheets(n + 1).Move Before:=Worksheets(n)

  bSorted = False

  End If

  Next n

  Loop

  End Sub

  示例说明:本示例代码采用了冒泡法排序。

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-17-02]

  Sub SortWorksheets2()

  '根据字母对工作表排序

  Dim i As Long, j As Long

  For i = 1 To Sheets.Count

  For j = 1 To Sheets.Count - 1

  If UCase$(Sheets(j).Name) > UCase$(Sheets(j + 1).Name) Then

  Sheets(j).Move After:=Sheets(j + 1)

  End If

  Next j

  Next i

  End Sub

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-17-03]

  Sub SortWorksheets3()

  '以升序排列工作表

  Dim sCount As Integer, i As Integer, j As Integer

  Application.ScreenUpdating = False

  sCount = Worksheets.Count

  If sCount = 1 Then Exit Sub

  For i = 1 To sCount - 1

  For j = i + 1 To sCount

  If Worksheets(j).Name < Worksheets(i).Name Then

  Worksheets(j).Move Before:=Worksheets(i)

  End If

  Next j

  Next i

  End Sub

  示例说明:若想排序所有工作表,将代码中的Worksheets替换为Sheets。

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  [示例04-18]删除当前工作簿中的空工作表

  Sub Delete_EmptySheets()

  Dim sh As Worksheet

  For Each sh In ThisWorkbook.Worksheets

  If Application.WorksheetFunction.CountA(sh.Cells) = 0 Then

  Application.DisplayAlerts = False

  sh.Delete

  Application.DisplayAlerts = True

  End If

  Next

  End Sub

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